Woven fabric manufacturing process

Woven fabric manufacturing

The process of manufacturing woven fabric requires a loom. Longitudinal threads are known as warp and crossway threads are known as weft. The warp that needs to be strong should be presented to weave on a warp beam. The loom passes the loom in a shuttle that carries the yarn on a pirn. These pirns are changed automatically by the loom. Thus the yarn needs to be wrapped with a beam and in the pirn before weaving begins.

Winding process

The composition of large yarn packages can be unwinded with ease during the next process. Winding is the most necessary process in both yarn production and fabric production. The main purpose of the winding is to create suitable packages for both woven and knitted fabric production. Such as-

A. To transfer yarn from one package to another suitable package, it can be easily used for the weaving process.

B. To eliminate yarn defects like hairiness, naps, slabs, and foreign subjects.

C. To clean the yarn

D. To increase the quality of yarn

E. Get a suitable package.

F. To store the yarn.

Warping process

The warping process is intermediate between winding and sizing processes. This creates a warper beam that is joined together as a single loom beam in the next process of sizing. A warp beam can end about 500-1000 warps. Bobbin racks are set up to hold the thread while turning it over a weaver's warp bar. Since the thread is good, often three of them can be combined to get the desired thread count.

Sizing process

Sizing is the process of using an adhesive coating on the surface of the yarn. It is mainly applied to improve the weaving ability of yarn to resist the action of weaving i.e. absorption, abrasion, tension, and flexibility. It maintains good fabric quality by increasing hairiness, weakness, and yarn, reducing yarn absorption. Other features of sizing include changes in various physical features. It is applied to the fiber surface by different processes and different recipes as per requirements. Size elements- 1. Starch, 2. Binder, 3. Softener. 4. Anti-septic agent. 5. Anti-static agent.

Drawing-in process

The process of drawing each end of the warp separately through the straw dents and the eyes of the healds in the order indicated by the draft. The drawing-in process comes just after the weaver beam is ready. Weaving beams are obtained by departmental warping or sizing. The drawing-in process basically consists of two processes. The first procedure is called drafting and the second procedure is called denting. This is mostly done manually but in large-scale textile industries, automatic drawing machines are used, where more productivity is required. If drop cables with utility closed D are used, the ends are drawn through the drop wire D before healing the eyes. The drawing process is used to apply new fabric designs to the loom. When the fabric design is regularly repeated, a warp tying (knitting) process is applied to change a loom beam. The binding process is done manually or with the help of a knotting machine.

A. Draft: According to the draft (sequence of the drafting ends) the processing of the ends through the eye of the held wire or the corner of the eye is called a draft. This work is done by two people when the draft is executed manually. The person who selects the ends and presents them for drawing is called a richer. The person who draws the ends through the eyes of the healing wire with the help of a drawing hook is called a drawer.

B. Denting: When the end draft is finished, these ends go through the hole in the reed. We can say that "according to the denting order of the woven fabric, denting is the processing of the ends through the holes in the reed". It can be performed by a single person or bi-person. In the case of two persons, one person selects the edge and presents it to the other person who passes this ends through the groove of the tube.

Pirning

The pirn winding frame was used to transfer the left foot from the yarn cheese to the pirns that fit the shuttle.

Weaving process

Weaving is a process of textile production in which two sets of two yarns or threads are set. Other methods interlaced at right angles to make a fabric or cloth are knittings, crocheting, felting, and braiding or plaiting. Longitudinal threads are called the warp and lateral threads are weft or filling. These threads affect the properties of the fabric in the inter-woven method. The fabric is usually woven into a loom, a device that holds the warp threads in place while filling the threads. A fabric band that meets this definition of fabric can also be made using other methods, including tablet weaving, backstrap weaving, or other techniques without weaving. The way the warp and the filling thread come together is called weaving. Most of the woven products are made in one of three basic looms: plain wave, satin weave, or towel. The woven fabric can be simple (in one color or in a simple pattern) or can be woven into a decorative or artistic design. The initial movement of the loom is also said to weave as a repetition of these three actions.

A. Shading: where warp threads (edges) can be separated by raising or lowering the held frames (handles) to create a clean space where the pick can go.

B. Picking: Where the loom or pick is hand operated across the loom, an air-jet, a rapper, or a shuttle.

C. Beat-up or beating: where the groove pushes the weft against the fall of the cloth. The Lancashire loom was the first semi-automatic loom. Jacquard looms and dobby looms have sophisticated fountain systems. These can be individual looms or plain looms. A Northrop loom was fully automated and was mass-produced in the mid-1909s and 1900s. Modern looms run fast and do not use any shuttles: there are air-jet looms, water jet looms and rapier looms.